Tele-Talk新鲜的花,深入分析和观点从受人尊敬的行业领导者

在印度电信如何挑战

电视拉马钱德兰
电视拉马钱德兰 印度总统,宽带论坛
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Management gurus counsel that running businesses is akin to playing games. Solutions to intricate management problems are taught most effectively through the technique of playing complex games. However, whatever be the complexity of the game, there are always definite rules by which the game is to be played. Like held by Milton Friedman, \u201cThe only social responsibility of business is to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits\u2026.so long as it stays within the rules of the game, which is to say, engages in open and fair competition, without deception or fraud\u2026\u201d Hamlet might however, lament herein that, \u201cAy, there\u2019s the rub ...\u201d For, in the game of telecom, particularly in India, what \u2018clever\u2019 manoeuvres may come to create \u2018headaches\u2019 for the referees \u2013 the powers-that-be, for enforcement of fair play rules, must give us a pause.<\/p>

Telecom is, in many ways, a very unique market. It depends, for its lifeblood, on the government. This is because spectrum, the fundamental resource without which, mobile telecom service is, simply, impossible to provide, is held and allocated only by Government only. The other critical resources of Right of Way for setting up infrastructure and Number resources are also only available from Govt. Apart from these characteristics, it should also be appreciated that, in this industry, amazingly, a player has to remain interconnected with his or her business rivals\/competitors in order to survive! Otherwise, it is curtains for both\/all. This is indeed unique. One struggles to imagine a Maruti Udyog having to be interconnected with Toyota and\/or Mercedes Benz or a Tata Steel needing to cohabit with Essar or Jindal Steel for survival of either or all\u2026<\/p>

Apart from being characterised by the above special constraints, telecom is also one of the most regulated sectors in India. It is rigorously governed by the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885, which unambiguously regulates all aspects relating to \u201cestablishing, maintaining and working telegraphs\u201d (ie telecommunications) in India. Section 4 of the Act clearly stipulates that telecom is the exclusive privilege of the Central Government but that the Central Government may grant a licence, under specific terms and conditions and for a suitable payment consideration, to any person. It is thus clearly illegal for any entity to offer a voice,text or video-based communication service in India without a licence from DoT. Licences so issued to telecom operators have very stiff commercial, technical, security, and other operating conditions.Telecom is a capital-intensive sector and, in India, the operators have invested over Rs.750,000 crores till date for creating state-of-the art (inclusive of 4G) digital infrastructure. Revenues generated are about Rs.250,000 crores p.a, of which it contributes close to Rs.70,000 cr to the Exchequer by way of sector-specific levies and duties. This does not include the income taxes and the various customs and excise duties paid by the sector. The highly-competitive sector, which delivers one of the lowest mobile tariffs in the world, has a huge debt overhang of over Rs.380000 crores and is in significant financial stress.<\/p>

Given the above scenario, the least that one would expect is that the very challenging telecom game in India is played as per the same rules, whether they be reasonable or extremely harsh, by all the players in the field. No regulatory advantages or concessions for any player.<\/p>

\"\"<\/p>

However, this seemingly-simple ask does not elicit a satisfactory response here. Every now and then, it is seen that some players quietly get into the licensed field through a back-gate and without a proper permit and start playing the same game as the other official players but follow very different and hugely-advantageous rules. Obviously, pandemonium prevails and all suffer - the official game-organisers, the licensed players, the investors and audience etc. This has happened a couple of times before and the requisite policy & legal corrections imposed large costs on the economy and the public in various ways. Sadly, this is happening even today in front of all. As Othello might put it, \u201cChaos is come again!\u201d<\/p>

While the recognised telecom and internet operators are playing to the tough licence and regulatory conditions, we have an intriguing situation created by the unofficial entry of a new class of players, aptly described by the TRAI as \u2018Over-The-Top Communication Service Providers, or, OTT CSPs who offer very similar services but are not licensed. Clearly, there will be immense regulatory advantages for the unlicensed OTT CSPs who pay no telecom-specific duties and levies, pay no income taxes, do not have make heavy investments for spectrum and network infrastructure, no onerous security obligations & compliances, no regulatory compliances etc,- a truly enviable state, - a veritable Utopia! Quite understandably, they seem to believe, like Keynes, that \u201cthe avoidance of taxes is the only intellectual pursuit that carries any reward.\u201d And, they are happily reaping in the large arbitrage rewards! Is the loss of large revenues to the licensed TSPs and ISPs be ignored? As noted by TRAI, due the messaging apps offered by OTT CSPs, indicatively, the licensed telecom operators\u2019 SMS revenues, instead of growing annually, declined in the year before last, by Rs 3700 to 4000 crores. The GoI would consequently have lost about Rs 1200 crores through the avoidance of telecom specific levies apart from the loss of Income Tax etc. All this only on account of texting.<\/p>

One might think that the loss in respect of messaging would be made up by the rise in data usage due to the OTT CSPs riding the telecom carrier through the internet. Unfortunately, the reality is to the contrary. Situation worsens on data which is a spectrum guzzler. As noted by the TRAI, on average, the telecom operators earn about 25p per Mb of data whereas the average size of a one-minute internet VOIP call is around 150 Kb. However, while the operator gets 50p per min of traditional voice call the earning for the internet call is only about 4p per min. The average internet call is for 12 mins while the traditional voice call only 2mins. It is glaringly obvious that the high spectrum and network infrastructure costs can never be covered by the extremely meagre income from data\/internet call.<\/p>

It is not merely about operator\u2019s revenues. We could brush aside these as business risks, or, more appropriately, waive off the licence restrictions on existing telecom operators to ensure fair competition.However, the Utopia of the OTT CSPs presents other challenges. As per the TRAI (Consultation Paper dated 27 march, 2015), \u201cThe TSP (Telecom Service provider) whose network is being utilized for delivering the OTT service has no control, no rights and no responsibilities for the content on these apps and no claim on the latter.\u201dThis is surely serious. Do we turn a blind eye to the threat posed to national security by the security non-compliances? Do we condone the lack of accountability for quality or income tax no-compliance? Would the Hon\u2019ble CAG permit the losses to the Exchequer of several thousands of crores to be written off? One could go on\u2026<\/p>

The game is complex and at an advanced stage of rule-breaking \u2013 \u2018it\u2019s just not cricket!\u2019. We need to act immediately to correct. And, there may not be a perfect solution. But, as John Maynard Keynes beautifully observed, \u201cIt is better to be roughly right than precisely wrong.\u201d And, today, we are wrong - undoubtedly and precisely.<\/p>","blog_img":"retail_files\/blog_1463640794_temp.jpg","posted_date":"2016-05-19 12:23:18","modified_date":"2016-05-26 19:15:57","featured":"0","status":"Y","seo_title":"How telecom play is challenging in India","seo_url":"how-telecom-play-is-challenging-in-india","url":"\/\/www.iser-br.com\/tele-talk\/how-telecom-play-is-challenging-in-india\/1510","url_seo":"how-telecom-play-is-challenging-in-india"}">

业务经营管理专家顾问,类似于玩游戏。解决复杂的管理问题被教导最有效地通过技术复杂的游戏。然而,什么是游戏的复杂性,总有明确的游戏规则玩。像米尔顿•弗里德曼所持有的“企业唯一的社会责任就是利用其资源和参与活动旨在增加其利润…。只要它停留在游戏规则,也就是说,从事开放和公平竞争,没有欺骗或欺诈…然而,哈姆雷特可能此处哀叹,“哦,会有摩擦……电信的”,在游戏中,特别是在印度,什么‘聪明’演习可能会创建“头痛”裁判裁决者,公平竞争规则的实施,必须给我们一个暂停。

在许多方面,电信是一个非常独特的市场。的命脉,它取决于政府。这是因为,基本资源,没有它,移动电信服务,简单,无法提供,只有政府举办和分配。的其他重要资源的方式建立基础设施和资源数量也只能从政府。除了这些特点之外,还应该感谢,在这个行业,令人惊讶的是,球员必须保持相互联系与他或她的业务竞争对手/竞争对手为了生存!否则,它是/所有的窗帘。这确实是独一无二的。难以想象一个马鲁蒂Udyog必须相互联系与丰田和/或奔驰或塔塔钢铁需要同居Essar或金达尔钢为生存的或全部…

除了以上述特殊限制,电信也在印度监管最严格的行业之一。是严格受印度电报法案,1885年,明确监管各个方面有关“建立、维护和工作电报”在印度(电信)。第四节的法案明确规定,电信是中央政府的特权,但中央政府可能授予许可证,在具体的条款和条件和合适的支付的考虑,任何的人。因此明显违法的任何实体提供语音、文本或视频通信服务在印度从点无证。牌照发给电信运营商有非常激烈的商业、技术、安全、和其他操作条件。电信是一个资本密集型行业,在印度,运营商投资在Rs.750,000卢比至今为创建先进的数字基础设施(包括4 g)。收入是Rs.250,000卢比p。的,它的贡献接近Rs.70,000 cr大臣通过地区和义务征税。这并不包括所得税和各种关税和消费税由部门支付。竞争激烈的行业,提供世界上移动关税最低的国家之一,有巨大的债务负担超过Rs.380000卢比,巨大的财务压力。

鉴于上述场景中,至少有一个期望是非常具有挑战性的游戏在印度电信按照相同的规则,是否合理或极其恶劣,所有的球员。没有任何监管优势或让步的球员。

然而,这看似简单的不引起一个满意的答复。不时地,看到一些玩家通过后门悄悄进入许可领域,没有一个合适的许可证,开始玩相同的游戏其他官方球员但也能遵守非常不同的规则和极为有利。显然,闹哄哄的盛行和所有受——官方game-organisers,注册球员,投资者和观众等等。这发生了几次之前和必要的政策与法律修正经济付出了很大的代价和公众以不同的方式。可悲的是,这是所有面前即使在今天发生的。奥赛罗可能所说,“混乱是再来!”

虽然承认电信和互联网运营商正在艰难的许可证和监管条件,我们有一个有趣的情况由非官方的一类新的球员,恰如其分地形容的火车的言过其实的通信服务提供商,或者,奥特csp提供相似的服务但不许可。很明显,将会有巨大的监管无照奥特csp的优势支付没有telecom-specific关税和征收,不支付任何所得税,没有大量投资范围和网络基础设施,没有繁重的安全义务和遵从性,没有法规遵从性等,一个真正令人羡慕的状态,——一个真正的乌托邦!完全可以理解的是,他们似乎相信,像凯恩斯一样,“避免税是唯一的知识追求任何奖励。”,它们快乐地收获大量套利奖励!是大的损失收入和isp执照茶匙被忽略?就像火车所指出的那样,由于消息传递应用程序提供的奥特csp,象征,许可的电信运营商的短信收入,而不是每年增长,拒绝在前年,通过Rs 3700至4000卢比。GoI将因此失去了对Rs 1200卢比通过避免电信具体征税除了所得税等的损失。这一切只在发短信。

有人可能会认为损失的消息将由数据使用的增长由于奥特csp骑马通过互联网电信运营商。不幸的是,事实是相反的。情况恶化的数据频谱酒量大的人。如上所述的火车,平均而言,电信运营商赚约25便士Mb的数据而一分钟网络电话呼叫的平均大小约为150 Kb。然而,尽管操作员每分钟50便士的传统语音呼叫网络电话的收入只有每分钟4 p。12分钟的平均网络调用而传统的语音通话仅2分钟。显然是高光谱和网络基础设施成本无法覆盖的极其微薄的收入来自互联网数据/电话。

它不仅仅是对运营商的收入。我们可以漠视这些商业风险,或者,更恰当,放弃了牌照限制现有电信运营商,以确保公平竞争。然而,乌有之乡的奥特csp提供了其他挑战。按照火车(咨询文件,日期2015年3月27日),“TSP(电信服务提供商)的网络被用于交付奥特服务没有控制,没有权利和责任内容这些应用程序,没有后者。“这肯定是认真的。我们睁一只眼闭一只眼的威胁国家安全的安全组织吗?我们宽恕对质量或所得税no-compliance缺乏问责?将鸿'ble CAG允许大臣损失几千卢比用于注销吗?一个可以继续…

游戏复杂,在违规的一个高级阶段——“这不是板球!”。我们需要立即行动来纠正。可能没有一个完美的解决方案。但是,正如约翰•梅纳德•凯恩斯所观察到的,“这是更好的比精确基本正确的错了。“今天,我们是错误的——毫无疑问和精确。

免责声明:作者的观点仅和ETTelecom.com不一定订阅它。乐动体育1002乐动体育乐动娱乐招聘乐动娱乐招聘乐动体育1002乐动体育ETTelecom.com不得负责任何损害任何个人/组织直接或间接造成的。

<\/p>

\"\"<\/p>

Management gurus counsel that running businesses is akin to playing games. Solutions to intricate management problems are taught most effectively through the technique of playing complex games. However, whatever be the complexity of the game, there are always definite rules by which the game is to be played. Like held by Milton Friedman, \u201cThe only social responsibility of business is to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits\u2026.so long as it stays within the rules of the game, which is to say, engages in open and fair competition, without deception or fraud\u2026\u201d Hamlet might however, lament herein that, \u201cAy, there\u2019s the rub ...\u201d For, in the game of telecom, particularly in India, what \u2018clever\u2019 manoeuvres may come to create \u2018headaches\u2019 for the referees \u2013 the powers-that-be, for enforcement of fair play rules, must give us a pause.<\/p>

Telecom is, in many ways, a very unique market. It depends, for its lifeblood, on the government. This is because spectrum, the fundamental resource without which, mobile telecom service is, simply, impossible to provide, is held and allocated only by Government only. The other critical resources of Right of Way for setting up infrastructure and Number resources are also only available from Govt. Apart from these characteristics, it should also be appreciated that, in this industry, amazingly, a player has to remain interconnected with his or her business rivals\/competitors in order to survive! Otherwise, it is curtains for both\/all. This is indeed unique. One struggles to imagine a Maruti Udyog having to be interconnected with Toyota and\/or Mercedes Benz or a Tata Steel needing to cohabit with Essar or Jindal Steel for survival of either or all\u2026<\/p>

Apart from being characterised by the above special constraints, telecom is also one of the most regulated sectors in India. It is rigorously governed by the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885, which unambiguously regulates all aspects relating to \u201cestablishing, maintaining and working telegraphs\u201d (ie telecommunications) in India. Section 4 of the Act clearly stipulates that telecom is the exclusive privilege of the Central Government but that the Central Government may grant a licence, under specific terms and conditions and for a suitable payment consideration, to any person. It is thus clearly illegal for any entity to offer a voice,text or video-based communication service in India without a licence from DoT. Licences so issued to telecom operators have very stiff commercial, technical, security, and other operating conditions.Telecom is a capital-intensive sector and, in India, the operators have invested over Rs.750,000 crores till date for creating state-of-the art (inclusive of 4G) digital infrastructure. Revenues generated are about Rs.250,000 crores p.a, of which it contributes close to Rs.70,000 cr to the Exchequer by way of sector-specific levies and duties. This does not include the income taxes and the various customs and excise duties paid by the sector. The highly-competitive sector, which delivers one of the lowest mobile tariffs in the world, has a huge debt overhang of over Rs.380000 crores and is in significant financial stress.<\/p>

Given the above scenario, the least that one would expect is that the very challenging telecom game in India is played as per the same rules, whether they be reasonable or extremely harsh, by all the players in the field. No regulatory advantages or concessions for any player.<\/p>

\"\"<\/p>

However, this seemingly-simple ask does not elicit a satisfactory response here. Every now and then, it is seen that some players quietly get into the licensed field through a back-gate and without a proper permit and start playing the same game as the other official players but follow very different and hugely-advantageous rules. Obviously, pandemonium prevails and all suffer - the official game-organisers, the licensed players, the investors and audience etc. This has happened a couple of times before and the requisite policy & legal corrections imposed large costs on the economy and the public in various ways. Sadly, this is happening even today in front of all. As Othello might put it, \u201cChaos is come again!\u201d<\/p>

While the recognised telecom and internet operators are playing to the tough licence and regulatory conditions, we have an intriguing situation created by the unofficial entry of a new class of players, aptly described by the TRAI as \u2018Over-The-Top Communication Service Providers, or, OTT CSPs who offer very similar services but are not licensed. Clearly, there will be immense regulatory advantages for the unlicensed OTT CSPs who pay no telecom-specific duties and levies, pay no income taxes, do not have make heavy investments for spectrum and network infrastructure, no onerous security obligations & compliances, no regulatory compliances etc,- a truly enviable state, - a veritable Utopia! Quite understandably, they seem to believe, like Keynes, that \u201cthe avoidance of taxes is the only intellectual pursuit that carries any reward.\u201d And, they are happily reaping in the large arbitrage rewards! Is the loss of large revenues to the licensed TSPs and ISPs be ignored? As noted by TRAI, due the messaging apps offered by OTT CSPs, indicatively, the licensed telecom operators\u2019 SMS revenues, instead of growing annually, declined in the year before last, by Rs 3700 to 4000 crores. The GoI would consequently have lost about Rs 1200 crores through the avoidance of telecom specific levies apart from the loss of Income Tax etc. All this only on account of texting.<\/p>

One might think that the loss in respect of messaging would be made up by the rise in data usage due to the OTT CSPs riding the telecom carrier through the internet. Unfortunately, the reality is to the contrary. Situation worsens on data which is a spectrum guzzler. As noted by the TRAI, on average, the telecom operators earn about 25p per Mb of data whereas the average size of a one-minute internet VOIP call is around 150 Kb. However, while the operator gets 50p per min of traditional voice call the earning for the internet call is only about 4p per min. The average internet call is for 12 mins while the traditional voice call only 2mins. It is glaringly obvious that the high spectrum and network infrastructure costs can never be covered by the extremely meagre income from data\/internet call.<\/p>

It is not merely about operator\u2019s revenues. We could brush aside these as business risks, or, more appropriately, waive off the licence restrictions on existing telecom operators to ensure fair competition.However, the Utopia of the OTT CSPs presents other challenges. As per the TRAI (Consultation Paper dated 27 march, 2015), \u201cThe TSP (Telecom Service provider) whose network is being utilized for delivering the OTT service has no control, no rights and no responsibilities for the content on these apps and no claim on the latter.\u201dThis is surely serious. Do we turn a blind eye to the threat posed to national security by the security non-compliances? Do we condone the lack of accountability for quality or income tax no-compliance? Would the Hon\u2019ble CAG permit the losses to the Exchequer of several thousands of crores to be written off? One could go on\u2026<\/p>

The game is complex and at an advanced stage of rule-breaking \u2013 \u2018it\u2019s just not cricket!\u2019. We need to act immediately to correct. And, there may not be a perfect solution. But, as John Maynard Keynes beautifully observed, \u201cIt is better to be roughly right than precisely wrong.\u201d And, today, we are wrong - undoubtedly and precisely.<\/p>","blog_img":"retail_files\/blog_1463640794_temp.jpg","posted_date":"2016-05-19 12:23:18","modified_date":"2016-05-26 19:15:57","featured":"0","status":"Y","seo_title":"How telecom play is challenging in India","seo_url":"how-telecom-play-is-challenging-in-india","url":"\/\/www.iser-br.com\/tele-talk\/how-telecom-play-is-challenging-in-india\/1510","url_seo":"how-telecom-play-is-challenging-in-india"},img_object:["retail_files/blog_1463640794_temp.jpg","retail_files/author_1463649813_temp.jpg"],fromNewsletter:"",newsletterDate:"",ajaxParams:{action:"get_more_blogs"},pageTrackingKey:"Blog",author_list:"TV Ramachandran",complete_cat_name:"Blogs"});" data-jsinvoker_init="_override_history_url = "//www.iser-br.com/tele-talk/how-telecom-play-is-challenging-in-india/1510";">