5G offers an opportunity to build on this success. It can drive a post-pandemic recovery and contribute to India\u2019s effort to become a $5 trillion economy. There is a large appetite for 5G in India, especially amongst its younger population, with many consumers having already owning a 5G device. It also provides an opportunity to close the country\u2019s significant digital divide - mobile broadband penetration ranges from more than 100% in Delhi to less than 30% in circles such as Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. So, again, there is the potential for 5G to make a major impact.

However, maximising 5G\u2019s social and economic benefits is contingent on mobile operators investing heavily in high-performing networks across the country. Unfortunately, a combination of low ARPUs (Average Revenue Per User) and high regulatory costs mean that Indian operators have lower financial returns compared to other countries, which constrains their investment. For Indian consumers, this already means some of the lowest download speeds in the Asia-Pacific region. If nothing changes, India will inevitably fall behind on the roll-out of 5G.

Any country that wants to be a 5G leader needs sound spectrum policies. Despite India\u2019s large size - in terms of both geography and population - operators have less spectrum than most other countries. Yet when taking revenues into account, they have paid almost nine times more per unit over the past 10 years. Both have a direct impact on network investments and performance. The recently acquired spectrum in March 2021 has provided some relief, but much more will be needed to bring network quality in India in line with other countries, especially for 5G.

Setting an enabling 5G spectrum policy<\/strong>

There are a number of good practice principles that \u2013 if followed \u2013 will accelerate 5G in India.

First, 5G needs a significant amount of harmonised and contiguous spectrum. In the short term, it is important that Indian operators are assigned more than 300 MHz of spectrum in the mid-bands (3.3-4.2 GHz), as this will enable operators to meet 5G target parameters. However, this is just a first step.

Many countries have already gone further and assigned more spectrum, resulting in 5G download speeds that are up to ten times faster than 4G. In the medium-to-longer term, it is therefore important that India releases 2 GHz of mid-band spectrum for 5G, including in the 6 GHz band. This will also reduce the number of sites that operators need to build, enabling more efficient and environmentally sustainable network deployment. To make the most of this opportunity, access to mmWave spectrum is also key.

In addition, previous auctions have shown that modest reserve prices are needed. The 700 MHz band has been auctioned twice, yet attracted no interest due to the high reserve price. In the March 2021 auction, more than 60% of all available spectrum went unsold, again due to high reserve prices.

TRAI\u2019s current recommended price of INR 4.9 billion per MHz of mid-band spectrum is at least ten times higher than what has been set in most other countries when taking market revenues into account. This risks repeating previously failed auctions and puts the future of 5G in India at risk.

What is at stake?<\/strong>

Fortunately, the government still has the opportunity to change course. The government acknowledging the negative impact of high spectrum prices and asking the regulator TRAI to look at reserve prices for forthcoming auctions is good news. Ensuring that more than 300 MHz of mid-band spectrum is available for 5G during the next auction at a reserve price that allows industry to deploy across all service areas could result in more than 200 million additional 5G subscribers. This could increase the overall economic benefits of 5G by at least $75 billion. Furthermore, it will allow India to fully realise the benefits of mobile broadband, including the impacts on poverty reduction and sustainable development.

The primary goal for the Indian government in the next 5G auction should therefore be to ensure the timely and best use of spectrum. This means ensuring a sufficient supply of spectrum, setting modest reserve prices, and allowing the market to determine spectrum prices. This is the right thing to do for India\u2019s future. It will help 5G play a vital role in the country\u2019s economy, with benefits of at least $455 billion in the next two decades.

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移动宽带在印度一直是近年来全球最大的成功故事。4 g网络可用于几乎整个人口和消费者受益于一些最低的价格为移动服务和设备。令人印象深刻的是,世界上八分之一的移动互联网用户现在生活在印度。国家的运营商连接更多的妇女和农村居民,和用户使用移动数据几乎比其他任何地区都多。

5克提供了一个机会来构建成功。它可以驱动一个流行后恢复和促进印度努力成为一个5万亿美元的经济。有一个大的胃口5克在印度特别是在其年轻的人群中,很多消费者已经拥有5 g设备。它还提供了一个机会关闭该国重要的数字鸿沟——移动宽带的普及率超过100%在德里不到30%在比哈尔邦和北方邦等圈子里。再说一遍,5 g有潜在的重大影响。

然而,5 g的社会效益和经济效益最大化取决于移动运营商大力投资于高性能网络遍布全国。不幸的是,结合低arpu(每用户平均收入)和监管成本高意味着印度运营商财务回报较低与其他国家相比,这限制了他们的投资。已经对印度消费者来说,这意味着一些亚太地区最低的下载速度。如果没有变化,印度将不可避免地落后5 g的转出。

5 g任何国家,想成为一个领导者需要声谱的政策。尽管印度的大尺寸方面的地理和人口——运营商频谱比大多数其他国家。然而,当考虑到收入,他们必须支付9倍单位过去10年。两个网络投资和性能有直接影响。最近2021年3月获得光谱提供了一些缓解,但更需要使网络质量在印度与其他国家,特别是5克。

设定一个使5 g频谱政策

有许多良好的实践原则——如果之后——在印度将加速5克。

首先,5 g需要大量的协调和连续谱。在短期内,重要的是,印度的运营商分配超过300 MHz的频谱mid-bands (3.3 -4.2 GHz),因为这将使运营商能够满足5 g的目标参数。然而,这仅仅是第一步。

许多国家已经走得更远,分配更多的频谱,导致5 g的下载速度比4 g快10倍。中长期而言,因此,重要的是,印度版本2 GHz mid-band 5 g频谱,其中包括6 GHz乐队。这也将减少运营商需要建立的网站,使更有效和可持续发展的网络部署。充分利用这个机会,访问mmWave谱也很关键。

此外,以前的拍卖已经表明适度的保留价格是必要的。700 MHz频带被拍卖的两倍,但由于没有引起学生的兴趣高的保留价格。2021年3月在拍卖中,超过60%的所有可用的频谱未售出,又由于储备价格高企。

火车目前的推荐印度卢比49亿MHz mid-band频谱价格至少十倍是设置在大多数其他国家时,考虑到市场的收入。这种风险重复先前失败的拍卖,并将未来的5 g在印度面临风险。

利益攸关的是什么?

幸运的是,政府仍有机会改变方向。政府承认的负面影响频谱价格高企,要求监管机构火车看储备即将拍卖的价格是一个好消息。乐动扑克确保超过300 MHz的mid-band光谱可用于5 g在接下来的拍卖底价,允许部署在所有行业服务领域可能导致额外的5 g用户超过2亿。这可能增加5 g的总体经济效益至少750亿美元。此外,它将使印度完全意识到移动宽带的好处,包括对减贫和可持续发展的影响。

印度政府在未来的主要目标5 g拍卖因此应确保及时、充分利用频谱。这意味着确保足够供应的光谱,制定适度的保留价格,并允许市场来确定频谱价格。这是正确的做法对印度的未来。它将帮助5 g在该国的经济起着至关重要的作用,与好处至少4550亿美元在未来两年。

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