独家
卫星通信:伟大的印度拍卖的困境
玩家主导产业和行业专家在印度正在辩论的方法应该分配到哪个电视广播公司推出这些服务有可能把互联网nook的角落幅员辽阔,否则很难通过光纤网络覆盖。
作为世界上最富有的人Elon Musk印度电信大亨Sunil Mittal看着发射卫星宽带服务的全球第二大互联网用户市场,一个纠葛分配的电波卫星通信,或卫星通信、服务可能会阻碍他们的计划。
领先的行业玩家和行业专家在印度正在辩论的方法应该分配到哪个电视广播公司推出这些服务有可能把互联网nook的角落幅员辽阔,否则很难通过光纤网络覆盖。
中国领先的电信的两名球员——印度首富穆凯什•安巴尼的依赖Jio由亿万富翁苏尼尔•米塔尔和Bharti Airtel掌舵,Bharti全球卫星互联网公司中拥有股份OneWeb持有不同的看法,政府应该拨出电视广播的方式。
,举行研究员“国际机器人与自动化会议”将卫星通信的“下一个大事件”,估计印度150万年到2025年的200万个卫星用户提供每年5000 - 6000卢比的收入潜力目前生活水平几乎可以忽略不计。但这只会是可能的只有政府政策的不确定性,包括给予明确频率和频谱分配。
拍卖或者没有拍卖吗?
的核心不确定性的方法给公司获得光谱或电波,视为自然资源。
频谱拍卖唤起感觉如果一看过去历史的印度电信行业。一旦分配管理,频谱为电信运营商现在是有代价的。最高法院在2012年取消所有122个新在2 g电信牌照案裁定光谱是一种自然资源,应该被拍卖。
Jio vs Airtel卫星频谱拍卖
最大电信玩家依赖Jio其评论中火车(印度)的电信监管机构的咨询文件说不应当有任何差异在法律和监管费用使用频谱的频率。”也不应成为社会的卫星通信网络的豁免,除非竞争豁免也提供地面网络在远程位置…提供服务。从法律方面,在印度,频谱的分配标准用于提供通信服务必须遵守最高法院判决在具有里程碑意义的2 g频谱分配情况。”
米塔尔在他最近与媒体互动说绝对没有理由拍卖的卫星光谱,而且这样做不符合全球规范。“拍卖你会怎么做?人们不理解……这不是一个地面光谱被使用。这是不能使用在每一个国家的一部分。这是只有在两个着陆站在这些特定的点。世界各地,从来没有为卫星频谱拍卖,”米塔尔在一个虚拟的发布会上说。
英国卫星运营商国际海事卫星苏立负责人还表示,没有理由拍卖的卫星光谱。
Jio说的原则,同样的服务,同样的规则和相同的费用必须适用于卫星通信服务提供商,他们不能让自由光谱作为印度是一个spectrum-constrained国家的访问。符合Jio,沃达丰的想法还说技术不应该导致任何非水平的差异竞争的许可证或监管框架。基于卫星的解决方案应该受到相同的许可和监管框架,因为它提供通信服务的申请(物联网)通过陆地的解决方案。
印度SpaceX的我们眼睛协定与其他空间
首次独家与媒体互动,Bhargava告诉ET,他立即命令,一个小时的会议后与麝香,是与印度首席执行官最大的电信公司,银行,医院,学术机构和非政府组织墨水潜在合作协定促进农村宽带连接。
专家说
Harvansh Chawla是KR Chawla & Company,高级合伙人律师事务所表示,政府可以为卫星通信进行拍卖类似于电信服务。但它不能试图这么做的卫星通信频谱使用的所有国家根据国际电信联盟(ITU)无线电管理条例》出版2020 ITU -国际条约管理全球使用射频频谱和卫星轨道——使创新的方法来促进获得负担得起的宽带技术
圣人Anand,伙伴,卡恩的法律回应了相似的看法。“全球卫星光谱是所有政府授权的“使用权”和分配只有行政过程而不是拍卖。”
他说一个分配的频谱为卫星通信卫星技术的球员一直是一个问题的出现,一个发展空间领域的激烈竞争。““使用权”的先例是基于国际电信联盟公认的原则,联合国的一个机构,无线电频率和卫星的轨道是有限的自然资源,因此必须使用原理和公平的方式,使所有县(特别是发展中国家)可以有公平获得这些频率和轨道。在这方面,考虑到有限数量的着陆站和选择性球员主导这个市场的概率和滥用竞争,政府可能考虑一个方法将提供一个公平竞争的环境。”
协会——卫星通信行业协会(SiA)和宽带印度论坛(BIF)——一直倡导分配卫星频谱管理。
卫星光谱从来都不是专门分配给运营商,但国际协调和共享在多个运营商不同轨道槽和所有类型的卫星不适用,这也是为什么拍卖原则BIF总统电视拉马钱德兰说。
党卫军Sirohi,前成员(T),电信和Rakesh Mehrotra教授,副总裁,ITU APT印度虽然喜欢拍卖的频谱的基础。
“所有频谱为商业服务必须按决定鸿'ble SC拍卖。没有国际约束力的条约将频谱分配给卫星通过行政过程,这只是一个练习之后。不遵循最高法院决定将蔑视法庭。所有光谱用于商业用途,无论技术,必须被拍卖。此外,印度的技术自然机制,因此,在相同的服务区域为同一类型的服务不可能有不同的规则,无论技术,”Mehrotra说。
提供连接农村和偏远地区,必须使用USO基金计划,没有被分配到特定的技术解决方案,频谱Sirohi补充道。
Asim阿巴斯,伙伴,L&L合伙人律师事务所说,最高法院规定,2 g频谱拍卖。然而,这并不意味着任何国家自然资源的分布应该只通过拍卖。
“政府是最好的法官,将决定如何分配自然资源基于各种因素和拍卖可能就是这样一个选择,”他说。不过,政府可以把卫星光谱不同于2 g频谱拍卖,可以决定不选择路线。
麝香,贝佐斯在印度提供宽带
消息来源称,麝香的卫星网络风险,我们,和亚马逊分别举行了磋商与电信部门,以及部门的空间——卫星互联网服务在印度开始,“尽管他们尚未申请许可通过正式的途径”。
另一个问题:频率分配
除了频谱分配,甚至频段卫星服务正成为一个问题。政府一直乐队5 g频谱拍卖的用于全球卫星服务。
上个月,印度电信部向火车的参考意见给销售多个频率谱,包括mmWave乐队(毫米波段),根据卫星通信,用于空间全球宽带服务。
新航已要求毫米波5 g的24.25 - -27.5 GHz (26 GHz)乐队,全球统一的国际电联5 g / imt - 2020和保留27.5 - -29.5 GHz的宽带卫星服务。
”在这样的乐队(mmWave)卫星用户使用应用程序从企业和政府网络宽带交付,交付消费者宽带,无线回程,广播,“阿尼尔•普拉卡什,总经理,SiA-India说。
卫星运营商使用27.5 - -31.5 GHz区间通信和宽带卫星服务在印度,和该集团认为,印度空间研究组织(ISRO)和国际卫星运营商投入了数十亿美元的部署多个高吞吐量卫星(高温超导)和非常高的吞吐量卫星(VHTS)系统在这个乐队在同步(GSO)和non-geostationary (NGSO)轨道。
全球玩家排队为印度市场
伊隆麝香SpaceX公司将专注于十人民院农村选区的80%我们码头运往印度,其新任命的印度最近头Sanjay Bhargava说。
SpaceX公司不久将向印度政府申请执照推出我们卫星宽带服务,目标是联系200000活跃终端到2022年12月。预订从印度为我们服务已经跨越了5000年。公司要求潜在客户添加到公司的优先级列表存放的99美元为避免等候名单上的麻烦,他说。
Bhargava说,政府审批过程是一个复杂的一个,公司计划目标快速批准其试点项目工作前获得批准pan-India发射。
OneWeb建立的最初648 LEO卫星星座。服务将于今年北极地区包括阿拉斯加、加拿大和英国。2022年底OneWeb将提供高速、低延迟连接全球服务。
加拿大通信卫星和Nelco,塔塔集团公司,可能会启动商业卫星通信和卫星通信服务在一起2024年,专注于提供负担得起的关税,以防止企业对企业(B2B)的客户。
目前,在印度主要卫星通信被允许在B2B领域而不是B2C领域。最后一英里从网络连线连接(点互连的卫星)是通过有线或无线连接。B2C是允许在特殊灾难恢复和应急操作的许可。
电信监管机构最近表示相关的现有授权统一许可框架下可以适当修改,使卫星低比特率连接。
政府预计将很快敲定spacecom政策将清楚周围的空气的频谱分配和许可证问题。
动量卫星通信行业才刚刚开始,有可能需要互联网连接印度的角落和角落,陆地移动或纤维服务还没有能够达到。球是在政府的法院。
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<\/figure>As the world\u2019s richest person Elon Musk to Indian telecom tycoon Sunil Mittal look to launch satellite broadband services in the world\u2019s second-biggest market for internet users, an imbroglio over allocation of airwaves for satellite communications<\/a>, or satcom<\/a>, services could hobble their plans.
Leading industry<\/a> players and sector experts in India are debating over the methodology in which the airwaves should be allocated to companies to launch these services that have the potential to take the internet to the nook and corners of vast geography that would otherwise be very difficult to cover via optic fiber networks.
Two of the country\u2019s leading telecom players \u2013 richest Indian Mukesh Ambani\u2019s Reliance Jio<\/a> and Bharti Airtel helmed by billionaire Sunil Mittal, whose Bharti Global owns a stake in satellite internet company OneWeb<\/a>, hold divergent views on the way the government should allocate airwaves.
<\/div><\/div>The vast potential in India, which already has the most number of telecom and internet users outside China, has attracted a host of global players including Musk\u2019s Starlink, Amazon\u2019s Satcom services and Canada\u2019s Telesat in partnership with Tata Group. The UK government is Mittal\u2019s partner in OneWeb. All eyes are on the Indian government\u2019s next move on opening up what could potentially be one of the world\u2019s biggest consumer satellite markets.
Researcher ICRA, which sees satellite communication as the ``next big thing\u2019\u2019, estimates India to have 1.5 million to 2 million satellite users by 2025 offering an annual revenue potential of Rs 5000-6000 crore from almost negligible level currently. But that will only be possible only if the government addresses the policy-related uncertainties, including giving clarity on spectrum frequency and allocation.
<\/figure>
Auction or no auction?<\/strong>
At the heart of the uncertainties is the method of giving firms access to spectrum or airwaves, which are considered as natural resources.
Spectrum auction evokes mixed feelings if one looks at the past history of the Indian telecommunications sector. Once allocated administratively, the spectrum now comes at a cost for telecom operators. The Supreme Court in 2012 while cancelling all 122 new telecom licenses in the 2G case ruled that spectrum is a natural resource and should be auctioned.
Researcher ICRA, which sees satellite communication as the ``next big thing\u2019\u2019, estimates India to have 1.5 million to 2 million satellite users by 2025 offering an annual revenue potential of Rs 5000-6000 crore from almost negligible level currently. But that will only be possible only if the government addresses the policy-related uncertainties, including giving clarity on spectrum frequency and allocation.
<\/figure>Auction or no auction?<\/strong>
At the heart of the uncertainties is the method of giving firms access to spectrum or airwaves, which are considered as natural resources.
Spectrum auction evokes mixed feelings if one looks at the past history of the Indian telecommunications sector. Once allocated administratively, the spectrum now comes at a cost for telecom operators. The Supreme Court in 2012 while cancelling all 122 new telecom licenses in the 2G case ruled that spectrum is a natural resource and should be auctioned.
<\/div><\/div>But will the same rules apply for satellite spectrum? Or will the government take into consideration the larger public interest of providing internet connectivity through satellite in the rural and remote areas? That\u2019s the mammoth task at hand.
Jio vs Airtel on auction of Satellite spectrum<\/strong>
Largest telecom player Reliance Jio in its comments to TRAI\u2019s (Telecom Regulatory Authority of India) consultation paper said there should not be any disparity in statutory and regulatory charges for using the spectrum frequencies. \u201cThere should also not be a case of exemptions for societal satcom networks unless competitive exemptions are also offered to terrestrial networks in offering services in remote locations\u2026.From the legal aspect, in India, the allocation criteria for any spectrum usable for providing communication services will have to comply with the Supreme Court Judgement on allocation of spectrum in landmark 2G case.\u201d
Mittal in his recent interaction with media has said there was absolutely no case for auctioning of satellite spectrum, and doing so will not be in tune with global norms. \"What auction do you do? People are not understanding...This is not a terrestrial spectrum being used. This is not going to be used in every part of the country. This is going to be only in two landing stations at those specific points. World over, there has never been an auction for satellite spectrum,\" Mittal had said at a virtual briefing.
British satellite operator Inmarsat head Rajeev Suri also said there is no case for auction of satellite spectrum.
Jio has said the principle of 'same service, same rules and same fees\u2019 must apply to satcom service providers, who must not be let to access free spectrum as India is a spectrum-constrained nation. In line with Jio, Vodafone Idea also said the difference in technology should not lead to any non-level playing field in licensing or regulatory framework. The satellite based solutions should come under the same licensing and regulatory framework, as it applies for providing communication services (IoT) through terrestrial solutions.
Jio vs Airtel on auction of Satellite spectrum<\/strong>
Largest telecom player Reliance Jio in its comments to TRAI\u2019s (Telecom Regulatory Authority of India) consultation paper said there should not be any disparity in statutory and regulatory charges for using the spectrum frequencies. \u201cThere should also not be a case of exemptions for societal satcom networks unless competitive exemptions are also offered to terrestrial networks in offering services in remote locations\u2026.From the legal aspect, in India, the allocation criteria for any spectrum usable for providing communication services will have to comply with the Supreme Court Judgement on allocation of spectrum in landmark 2G case.\u201d
Mittal in his recent interaction with media has said there was absolutely no case for auctioning of satellite spectrum, and doing so will not be in tune with global norms. \"What auction do you do? People are not understanding...This is not a terrestrial spectrum being used. This is not going to be used in every part of the country. This is going to be only in two landing stations at those specific points. World over, there has never been an auction for satellite spectrum,\" Mittal had said at a virtual briefing.
British satellite operator Inmarsat head Rajeev Suri also said there is no case for auction of satellite spectrum.
Jio has said the principle of 'same service, same rules and same fees\u2019 must apply to satcom service providers, who must not be let to access free spectrum as India is a spectrum-constrained nation. In line with Jio, Vodafone Idea also said the difference in technology should not lead to any non-level playing field in licensing or regulatory framework. The satellite based solutions should come under the same licensing and regulatory framework, as it applies for providing communication services (IoT) through terrestrial solutions.