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Not so long ago, European countries were falling over each other to welcome the firms that run these warehouses, known as data centres<\/a> or bit barns.
Wide-eyed politicians trumpeted investments and dreamt of creating global tech hubs.
But then the dream went sour.
The sheer amount of energy and water needed to power and cool these server farms shocked the public.
The industry sucked up 14 percent of Ireland's power last year, London warned home builders that power shortages caused by bit barns could affect new projects, and Amsterdam said it simply had no more room for the warehouses.
Then things got worse.
The war in Ukraine helped spark an energy crisis across the continent, leaving consumers facing rocketing bills and countries contemplating energy shortages.
\"Data centres will be a target,\" critical blogger Dwayne Monroe told AFP, saying the focus would only grow if Europe cannot fix its energy crisis.
Grassroots campaigns and local opposition have already helped to halt projects this year by Amazon<\/a> in France, Google<\/a> in Luxembourg and Meta<\/a> in the Netherlands.
The Irish government, while reaffirming support for the industry, put strict limits on new developments until 2028.
The data industry says it feels unfairly targeted, stressing its efforts to source green energy and arguing that outsourcing storage to bit barns has helped slash consumption.
'Veil of shadow'<\/strong>
These arguments are playing out most spectacularly in Ireland.
Activists are campaigning on a broad range of topics and using local forums to push their case.
\"They take up a huge amount of space but provide basically no employment,\" says Madeleine Johansson, a Dublin councillor for the People Before Profit party, which is campaigning on the issue.
Johansson recently had a motion passed in her council area banning the centres, sparking an almighty row with the national government that is yet to be resolved.
Dylan Murphy of Not Here, Not Anywhere, one of several climate groups pushing the issue in Ireland, has filed a motion in his local council in Fingal calling for companies to reveal the kind of information they are holding.
\"There's a complete lack of transparency... about what data is actually being stored in these data centres,\" he said, calling it a \"veil of shadow\".
The data industry says revealing that information would be impossible.
Michael McCarthy of Cloud Infrastructure Ireland, a lobby group, said activists had lost the argument on sustainability and were now throwing everything at the wall.
\"Data centres definitely are large energy users but they're part of a cohort of larger energy users,\" he said.
McCarthy and industry figures in other countries say the real problem is years of underinvestment in national energy infrastructure.
He also pointed out that the industry in Europe had pledged to become carbon neutral by 2030.
And there are still countries hankering to get data firms to locate there -- particularly Iceland and Norway.
Questions over metaverse<\/strong>
Against this backdrop, the tech industry continues to innovate new products that invariably require vast amounts of processing power and data storage.
Machine-learning tools, for example, are hugely energy hungry -- Google said earlier this year they accounted for between 10 and 15 percent of its total energy usage.
The metaverse, an emerging concept for a 3D internet<\/a> championed by Facebook owner Meta, would also be hugely energy intensive.
Critical blogger Monroe reckons the metaverse will buckle under its own weight, partly because of its data requirements.
\"The construction of the metaverse would require Facebook to build out a distribution of data centres that would rival what Amazon, Microsoft<\/a> and Google have done for their clouds,\" he said.
Meta did not respond directly to questions about the metaverse but told AFP that it was \"proud to build some of the most energy and water efficient data centres in the world\".
As far as the carbon footprint of such innovation goes, energy experts interviewed by AFP said it would be difficult to assess.
The metaverse, for example, could help to reduce emissions in other areas by reducing the need for travel.
An energy official who did not want to be named questioned whether data centres were the best target for criticism when cryptocurrencies were so wasteful.
While data centres used about one percent of global energy output in 2020, cryptocurrency mining used about half that amount, according to the International<\/a> Energy Agency.
McCarthy said those who opposed data centres needed to reckon with just how embedded they had become in everyday life, particularly since the coronavirus pandemic.
\"They facilitate how we can work and live online, that's the reality of it,\" he said.
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潮流如何打开数据中心在欧洲吗
行业吸收去年爱尔兰14%的电力,伦敦住宅建筑商警告说,电力短缺造成的谷仓可能影响新项目,和阿姆斯特丹说它只是没有更多的空间的仓库。
读到
不久以前,欧洲国家都争相欢迎公司运行这些仓库,被称为数据中心或谷仓。
天真的政客鼓吹投资和创造全球科技中心的梦想。
但然后梦想就酸了。
的巨大能量和水需要电力和冷却这些服务器农场震惊了公众。
行业吸收去年爱尔兰14%的电力,伦敦住宅建筑商警告说,电力短缺造成的谷仓可能影响新项目,和阿姆斯特丹说它只是没有更多的空间的仓库。
然后,事情变得更糟。
战争在乌克兰引发能源危机整个非洲大陆,让消费者面对飞涨的账单和考虑能源短缺的国家。
“数据中心将是一个目标,“关键博德维恩梦露告诉法新社,说重点只会增长,如果欧洲不能解决能源危机。
草根运动和当地反对派已经帮助今年停止项目亚马逊在法国,谷歌在卢森堡,元在荷兰。
爱尔兰政府,重申支持产业,将严格限制新发展到2028年。
数据行业表示感觉不公平目标,强调绿色能源的努力和认为外包存储位谷仓帮助削减消费。
“影子的面纱”
这些参数是在爱尔兰玩出来,最引人注目。
积极分子开展广泛的主题和使用本地论坛,推动他们的案件。
“他们占用大量的空间,但基本上没有提供就业岗位,”玛德琳·约翰逊说,都柏林人之前利润党议员,竞选活动在这个问题上。
约翰逊最近通过的一项运动她委员会禁止中心区域,引发一个全能的行与国家政府,还有待解决。
迪伦墨菲不是这儿,不是任何地方,多个气候组织推动这个问题在爱尔兰,在当地委员会提起运动芬戈尔要求公司披露的信息。
“有一个完整的缺乏透明度。什么数据是存储在这些数据中心,”他说,称之为“影子”的面纱。
行业表示数据显示的信息是不可能的。
迈克尔·麦卡锡的云基础设施爱尔兰,一个游说团体说,激进分子已经失去了参数对可持续性和现在往墙上扔东西。
“数据中心能源大户,但他们是一群大能量的一部分的用户,”他说。
麦卡锡和其他国家的业内人士表示,真正的问题是多年的国家能源基础设施投资不足。
他还指出,欧洲的工业已承诺到2030年实现碳中和。
还有国家渴望获取数据公司定位,特别是冰岛和挪威。
质疑metaverse
在这样的背景下,高新技术产业持续创新新产品,总是需要大量的处理能力和数据存储。
机器学习工具,例如,巨大的能源饥饿——今年早些时候谷歌说他们占10至15%的总能源使用。
metaverse, 3 d的一个新兴的概念互联网倡导的Facebook老板元,也会极大的能源密集型。
关键的博主认为梦露metaverse将扣在自己的体重,部分原因是它的数据需求。
“metaverse的建设要求Facebook建立竞争对手亚马逊数据中心,分布微软和谷歌的云,”他说。
元并没有直接回应质疑metaverse但告诉法新社,“骄傲地建立一些最世界上能源和水资源高效数据中心”。
至于这种创新的碳足迹,法新社采访的能源专家表示,这将是难以评估。
metaverse,例如,可以帮助减少排放在其他领域通过减少旅行的需要。
能源官员不愿透露姓名的批评质疑数据中心是最好的目标当cryptocurrencies太浪费。
而数据中心使用大约百分之一的2020年全球能量输出,cryptocurrency矿业用一半数量,根据国际能源机构。
麦卡锡说,那些反对数据中心需要估计只有他们在日常生活中已经变得根深蒂固,尤其是冠状病毒大流行。
“他们提供在线如何工作和生活,这就是现实,”他说。
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